4 MIN READ

4 Grammar Rules We Wish We Could Change

Sometimes rules are made to be broken, and in the case of these grammar rules, we think they’ve outlived their usefulness. How people communicate has evolved, and perhaps it’s time for these rules to go.

by Samantha Abernethy
Woman writing in notebook while sitting in a classroom

We spend a lot of time discussing grammar rules here, so you might be surprised to learn we don’t actually like every grammar rule. The primary purpose of language is communication, so any rule that makes doing that more difficult or muddles people’s understanding is counterproductive. How people communicate today has changed from how they communicated decades ago, and in some cases, a guideline now seems out of date. If a grammar rule is routinely causing confusion, maybe the rule is the problem, not the speaker (or writer). So let’s loosen up a little — which grammar rules would you change?

Don’t End a Sentence With a Preposition 

Old-fashioned grammar rules say not to end a sentence with a preposition (including “with,” “at,” “for,” and “about”), but try applying that rule in regular conversation and see how unnatural it feels. “What are you talking about?” becomes “About what are you talking?” and “Who are you going with?” turns into “With whom are you going?” It sounds outdated and stilted. The preposition rule arises from attempts to force Latin grammar rules onto the English language, and the wording sounds awkward because we’re trying to fit a square peg into a round hole. Most modern style guides agree that it’s fine to end a sentence with a preposition if it sounds more natural that way. We’re in favor of letting this rule go for good.

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Using Whom as an Object Pronoun

Is it time for “whom” to fade into retirement with “thee,” “thine,” and “thou”? Technically, “whom” is the object pronoun form of “who,” meant to be used when someone is receiving the action of the verb. For example: “To whom should I address the letter?” But most people don’t think about sentence structure that way mid-conversation — or mid-email. In casual speech and writing, “who” has pretty much taken over, and even grammar sticklers are starting to let it slide. “Whom” often adds formality where it’s not needed and can sound stilted or awkward. We won’t judge you if you let this one slide. 

Avoid Passive Voice

We were taught by writing teachers to fear the passive voice like it’s a grammatical boogeyman, but here’s our controversial take: It’s fine. As a quick refresher, passive voice is, “The ball was thrown by her,” while active voice is, “She threw the ball.” The active voice sounds stronger and more direct, but that doesn’t mean the passive voice is always wrong. “The dog was groomed,” for example, sounds better than “The groomer groomed the dog.” And in fact, science writing, legal documents, and formal reports often use passive voice to keep the tone objective: “The experiment was conducted under controlled conditions.” Other times, you don’t know who did the action, or it doesn’t matter: “A mistake was made.” There’s no need to twist yourself into knots in an effort to correct every instance of passive voice, especially because sometimes it makes sense stylistically.

Don’t Split Infinitives

Traditional grammar rules say you should never split an infinitive, meaning the “to” and the verb should stick together. Inserting any word (usually an adverb) in between them is considered incorrect. By those standards, Star Trek’s epic tagline — “to boldly go where no one has gone before” — would be a sanitized “to go boldly…” In this example, splitting the infinitive adds unforgettable panache. Sometimes a split infinitive is needed to change the meaning altogether. “She decided to gradually back away” has a different meaning than “She decided gradually to back away.” We could write, “She decided to back away gradually,” to avoid the split infinitive, but we think breaking the rule is worth it for the flow of the writing. So go ahead — dare to boldly, unapologetically split your infinitives. Just don’t get carried away and start flipping every sentence around, or you’ll end up in Yoda territory — and that’s Star Wars, not Star Trek.

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3 MIN READ

How Do You Pluralize “Cul-De-Sac” and Other Compound Words?

Not all pluralizations are as easy as adding “-s” to the end of the word, especially when it comes to compound words. Here’s why “culs-de-sac” is right, and “cul-de-sacs” is wrong.

by Rachel Gresh
aerial view of a cul-de-sac neighborhood

I was introduced to the word “cul-de-sac” via an elementary school birthday party invitation. I found out that people didn’t just live on roads, streets, avenues, and lanes — they could also live on something named for a fancy French word, a cul-de-sac. “Cul” is an interesting word in French — it’s a rude slang word for someone’s rear end, but it’s used in some other contexts to refer to the end of something. The second half, “de sac,” means “of the bag” — so the literal translation of “cul-de-sac” is “bottom of the bag.” As a compound word, however, “cul-de-sac” means “dead end.” American housing developers borrowed it from French to name streets that are basically dead ends, where a few houses line the end of a road that goes nowhere. In planned subdivisions, they’re popular for privacy, parking, and a neighborhood camaraderie feel. 

But say you live in a neighborhood that has many of these dead-end streets and your neighborhood association is trying to decide which one should host the summer block party. The correct pluralization of this compound word is “culs-de-sac,” not “cul-de-sacs.” While it may seem puzzling, it follows a grammar rule that affects many English words: In compound words, the chief element is pluralized, not the entire phrase.

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Sure, the English language has plenty of irregular plurals, but in most cases, a suffix of “-s” or “-es” will suffice. But compound nouns — those formed by combining two or more words into one concept — aren’t as cooperative. You have to worry not only about what suffix to use, but also about where to use it. For instance, the “-s” suffix to pluralize “cul-de-sac” comes after the main noun “cul,” as in “culs-de-sac.” 

This applies to other compound nouns, too. For instance, “mother-in-law,” “son-in-law,” and all other “in-law” honorifics are pluralized with an “-s” after the main noun, not the whole word. So, the correct terms are “mothers-in-law” or “sons-in-law.” Compound nouns made up of a main noun and a modifier, such as “passer-by,” “runner-up,” and “court-martial” get the same treatment — the correct plurals are “passers-by,” “runners-up,” and “courts-martial.” However, two-headed compound words, composed of two equal nouns (no modifier), tend to hyphenate only the final noun, as in “city-states” and “singer-songwriters.” 

But it’s not only hyphenated compound words that face muddled pluralizations. Open compound words (featuring a space between words) also pose problems. “Surgeons general” and “chiefs of staff” are the correct plural forms because the main noun is pluralized, not the modifier. That said, you can likely get away with some pluralization missteps in casual conversation — a friend likely wouldn’t reprimand you for saying “sister-in-laws” or “cul-de-sacs.” 

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2 MIN READ

When Should You Use ‘Whichever’ vs. ‘Whatever’?

Some of us have been a little too liberal with our use of “whatever,” but its companion, “whichever,” deserves some attention, too. Let’s fine-tune our grammar skills by discovering the nuances between these similar terms.

by Rachel Gresh
Puzzled young woman shrugging shoulders

Picture this: You’re hosting a friend for dinner, and you ask, “What do you want to eat?” They shrug and say, “Whatever you’re cooking!” They’re open to anything, from spaghetti to mystery meatloaf. The options are unlimited, so “whatever” fits the bill.

But later, your friend is eyeing your bookshelf for something to read. They’ve narrowed it down to a few novels, and they look at you expectantly. You say, “Borrow whichever book you’d like.” Bingo — this is the correct response for this context. But why choose “whichever” instead of “whatever” here? “Whichever” and “whatever” aren’t twins — think of them more as distant cousins. It’s a simple rule, but it’s also easy to see how the two can be mixed up: “Whichever” indicates a specific set of choices, while “whatever” implies something undefined. 

You might wonder if, in the library context, “Borrow whatever book you’d like” is an acceptable response. In casual conversation, yes, but if you’re trying to appease your English teacher, no. Sure, both words are about making choices, but the type of choice matters. According to the New Oxford American Dictionary, “whichever” emphasizes a lack of restriction “in selecting one of a definite set of alternatives.” In contrast, “whatever” emphasizes a lack of restriction “in referring to anything or amount, no matter what.” In simpler terms, “whichever” should be used for known or limited options, and “whatever” is more appropriate for unknown options.

Here’s another example of this linguistic fumble: “Whatever team wins tonight will go to the playoffs.” This is technically incorrect — it should be “whichever team” because there are limited options of two teams. However, you might add, “Whatever happens, we’ll still have fun watching,” which is grammatically correct because there are infinite options for what might transpire. This is why the sentence, “Whichever happens, we’ll still have fun watching,” is wrong. So, whether you’re choosing between books, teams, or dinner options, remember this rule: Use “whatever” when your options are unlimited and “whichever” when your options are limited.

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2 MIN READ

Why Do We Call Someone a ‘Silly Goose’?

If you’ve ever encountered a mother goose protecting her young, you know there’s nothing “silly” about her demeanor. Instead, this term is primarily reserved for foolish humans.

by Bennett Kleinman
Several white geese walking together in small city

When it comes to English idioms, geese get a bad rap. A “wild goose chase” is considered a waste of time, whereas “laying a goose egg” means failing to score a point. There’s also the phrase “silly goose,” which you’d use to describe someone acting foolish. But this is a bit of an odd choice, given that geese have a reputation for acting aggressively. So why do we say “silly goose” when there are plenty of inherently goofier animals to choose from?

It may still be acceptable in modern vocabulary to tease someone by calling them a silly goose, but the wording goes back centuries. The Oxford English Dictionary points out that “goose” was used as a figurative term for a simpleton by 1547. The specific phrase “silly goose” dates back to a collection of works by late-16th-century lyrical poet Richard Edwards titled The Paradise of Dainty Devices — a 1927 edition includes the line “She crafty Foxe, the seely Goose beguiles.”

But as persistent as the silly reputation of geese is, the root of it is unknown. When Samuel Johnson compiled A Dictionary of the English Language in 1755, he defined the word “goose” as “a large waterfowl proverbially noted, I know not why, for foolishness.”

There are some theories, however, as to why geese were originally considered to be so silly. One theory relates to the trope of using gullible geese as characters in fables, though many of the fables featuring these foolish geese were published much later than the 16th century (e.g., The Grimm’s Fairy Tales’The Fox and the Geesefrom 1812). Another theory has to do with an early definition of the word “silly” (or “seely”) — it meant “innocent,” but when referring to animals, it also meant “having a simplistic nature.” This could have applied to geese, and then “silly” evolved into its goofier meaning. 

So while neither we, nor Samuel Johnson, will ever know exactly why geese are thought to be so silly (maybe it’s the waddle?),we can still accept it for what it means today. We hope this brief explanation helps you feel a little less silly when you ask a question yourself.

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3 MIN READ

Does Every Paragraph Really Need at Least Three Sentences?

Did you learn that a paragraph needs at least three sentences? It’s OK to toss out the rulebook sometimes. Learn why some writing styles benefit from shorter paragraphs.

by Rachel Gresh
Person working on writing a report on computer

What defines a “good” paragraph? Some English teachers would say it must be at least three sentences — enough for an introduction, a supporting sentence, and a transition — but that isn’t always true. The rules of paragraph structure are widely disputed in writing instruction, particularly regarding the guidance that every paragraph should be three to five sentences. While some champion this method as a way to teach students to write cohesive paragraphs, others call out its limitations. Ken MacRorie, author of the influential creative writing book Uptaught, says that “formula-style” essay structure forces students “to write mechanically instead of self-expressively.”

If the guidelines around paragraph length seem unclear, that’s because they are. Even academic institutions diverge in their recommendations. Purdue University’s College of Liberal Arts, for example, suggests three- to five-sentence paragraphs, aligning with what many of us were taught in school. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill’s Writing Center offers a more flexible approach, noting that short paragraphs are permissible in certain contexts, such as journalism, and explaining that occasionally, “a paragraph can be just one sentence long.”

The leading international editing company Cambridge Proofreading similarly highlights a variability in paragraph length across different writing styles. Per its recommendations, academic writing follows the strictest guidelines, requiring three to eight sentences (or more) with a clear introduction and a conclusion/transitional sentence. These are the structured paragraphs that many students learn to write in English courses.

However, Cambridge believes the rules can be more lax in professional and business writing, where brevity and clarity are valued. In these contexts, the company recommends aiming for two to four sentences, with single-sentence paragraphs used sparingly for emphasis. Creative writing, meanwhile, seems lawless compared to other writing styles. A paragraph can be whatever an author wants — long, short, or fragmented. In modern digital content, such as blog posts and online articles, short paragraphs are the norm. One- to three-sentence paragraphs enhance readability and break up “walls” of text to prevent overwhelming the reader. 

Given these variations, Cambridge editors advise writers to consider the audience and the medium when determining paragraph structure. When in doubt about where to break your writing, remember that the purpose of a paragraph is to convey a single main idea, regardless of how many sentences it takes to complete it.

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4 MIN READ

Why Humans’ Language Ability Is Unique

Humans use words to communicate in powerful ways, but the way the brain processes language is an ongoing mystery still being unraveled by scientists. Here are some of their discoveries about how humans process language.

by Rachel Gresh
Group of floating brains

Language has been around for at least 150,000 years. It is intrinsically and distinctly human — as natural as breathing. Yet, countless mysteries surround language, especially regarding how it is interpreted in our minds. Can we think without it? How does it show up in our dreams? Researchers have been looking for the answers to these language questions (and more) for decades.

Can We Think Without Language?

In short, yes, it is possible to think without using any language. Several scientific studies support this. In 2008, research psychologist Russell Hurlburt used the term “unsymbolized thinking” to describe a type of cognitive process that occurs without using words. MIT neuroscientist Evelina Fedorenko performed fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) tests to see if the parts of the brain associated with language lit up while participants solved number or word-free logic puzzles (such as sudoku). The results of the fMRI tests support the idea of unsymbolized thinking — areas associated with language did not light up, meaning that participants solved the puzzles without using any language. This research shows that language is not essential to some types of reasoning, although it does make it easier in many cases.

Does Everyone Have an Internal Monologue?

An internal monologue happens when you “hear” yourself in your head (without speaking out loud). During research studies, the parts of the brain that would normally activate if the participants were actually hearing speech out loud also activated while some participants were speaking to themselves silently, suggesting that those participants had internal monologues. 

The development of an internal monologue likely happens at a young age as children gain internal commentary from working independently. Most adults have an internal monologue that operates as their go-to way of thinking, whether they’re putting together a grocery list, practicing a new language, or playing out a fictional argument. However, some people do not have an internal monologue. It’s unclear why this happens for some people, but hearing impairment and disruptions in childhood speech development can contribute toward it. This doesn’t mean, however, that they don’t have an inner voice — they might see a picture in their mind of a to-do list, rather than talking it through in their head. It is also very possible for people to think both visually and verbally, depending on the topic or context.

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Why Do We Dream in Other Languages?

Bilingual and multilingual people often dream in multiple languages, but studies show that even people who are learning a new language might dream in that language. Dreamers might also experience languages they have come across before, but don’t speak with any fluency. This can result in their dream being nothing more than gibberish, even if they recognize the language. It relates to the information that the brain soaks up during the day and then passes along to other parts of the brain for storage during sleep. Any language that you speak, or even a single word that you have heard from another language, could show up in your next dream.

Sleep and cognition specialist Matthieu Koroma discovered that our brains can determine what is a real or a fake language while asleep. If you don’t speak Japanese but hear it in your dreams, you will recognize it as a real language (even if you can’t pinpoint the name of the language).

Can We Read or Write in Dreams?

It is very unlikely to have the ability to read or write in dreams. Reading comprehension begins with the eyes and optic nerves, which are inaccessible during dreaming, making true reading nearly impossible. Two other areas of the brain are also disabled during sleep: Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area, which are responsible for visualizing and comprehending words. Some people have reported dreaming of reading, but this isn’t truly reading. It’s more likely a projection of the subconscious. The same stands true for writing. It is far more common for people to dream of the action of writing than it is for them to dream of legible words that they have written.

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2 MIN READ

Why Was Memorial Day Originally Called “Decoration Day”?

For nearly a century, Memorial Day was largely known by a different name. Here’s a brief look at the day’s history, and why its name changed in the mid-20th century.

by Bennett Kleinman
American soldier in uniform on memorial day, kneeling at tombstone

In 1868, Decoration Day was established as a new holiday on May 30. It was created by the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR), a group of Union Army veterans who wanted a way to honor fallen Civil War soldiers. The day kept that name for 99 years, until it was formally changed in 1967.

The original name was quite literal in nature. “Decoration” referred to the act of placing flowers on the graves of fallen soldiers. In fact, the GAR chose May 30 in part because flowers were likely to be in bloom nationwide by then, and the organization took great pride in staging ceremonies and gathering floral decorations at national cemeteries across the country. New York became the first state to officially recognize the day in 1873, and by 1890, it was recognized by all former Union states.

But in the late 19th century, the term “Memorial Day” became more widely used, as the day transformed into a general day of remembrance for those lost in all wars — not just the American Civil War. While decoration ceremonies were still commonly held for Civil War vets, the practice wasn’t as common for other conflicts. Throughout the 20th century, “Memorial Day” superseded “Decoration Day” in terms of popularity, and was often recognized as a day to remember those who perished during the two World Wars.

The U.S. government adopted “Memorial Day” as the holiday’s official name in 1967, and in 1968, the Uniform Holidays Bill moved the date to the last Monday in May. While the term “Decoration Day” may largely be lost to time, those early decoration ceremonies paved the way for what we now call Memorial Day when we honor fallen soldiers.

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3 MIN READ

Regional Accents Decoded: 14 Words That Reveal Where You’re From in the U.S.

Discover how regional dialects shape the way Americans pronounce everyday words across different parts of the country.

by Jennifer A. Freeman
Egg repeated pattern

Have you ever wondered why your colleagues from different states seem to speak English differently? Whether you’re navigating virtual meetings or just curious about American dialects, understanding the differences between regional accents and pronunciations can help bridge communication gaps and celebrate the country’s rich linguistic diversity. Here are 14 commonly debated words that highlight how American English changes from coast to coast — and might help explain why your cross-country colleagues sound so different.

Lawyer

“Lawyer” has a pronunciation distinction between the South and the North. In the North, it’s generally pronounced “LOY-yer,” whereas in the South it’s pronounced “LAW-yer.” Both pronunciations are valid and will get you legal help from the appropriate sources.

Roof

In the Eastern part of the United States, “roof” is pronounced with a long “oo” sound, like its spelling. In the Western part of the country, particularly in California, it’s pronounced more like “ruff.”

Egg

This reflects the Northern Cities Vowel Shift that is particularly noticeable in cities exposed to Canadian accents. While most people pronounce “egg” with a short “e” (as in “beg”), some Northerners (especially around Buffalo, Cleveland, and Detroit) pronounce it with a long “a” sound, as in “vague” or the letter “A.”

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Caramel

In the Northeast, “caramel” is usually pronounced with three syllables and an “air” sound on the first syllable — “CAIR-uh-mel.” In the Midwest and the West, it’s most often pronounced with two syllables and a “car” sound at the beginning — “CAR-ml.”

Pajamas

“Pajamas” has a West/Midwest and East distinction. In the West and Midwest, it’s pronounced with a short middle “a” (like “jam”), whereas in the East it’s pronounced with a long middle “a” (as in “father”). You say “pa-jam-a”; I say “pa-jah-ma.”

Aunt

In the Northeast, this word is pronounced with a long “ahh” sound, while in the South it sounds like the insect, “ant.”

Pecan

This word has no regional distinction, and everyone thinks their pronunciation is correct. Roughly 45% of Southerners and 70% Northerners say “PEE-can,” while the remainder say “peh-CAHN.” Either way, pecan pies are delicious.

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Crayon

Like “pecan,” “crayon” has no real regional distinction in pronunciation; however, two general camps exist. Some people say “cran,” and others say “CRAY-awn.”

Picture

Like “pecan” and “crayon,” “picture” has some variation not bound by regional differences. People tend to drift into two groups: One pronounces the word with two distinct syllables, like “PICK-chur,” and the other group pronounces it shorter and quicker, like “pitcher.” Both are correct, but the slower version has British roots.

Mayonnaise

“Mayonnaise” is another word pronounced differently nationwide. It can be said with three syllables (“may-oh-nays”) or two (“may-nays”).

Been

“Been” changes as you go north. In the Southern U.S., it sounds longer and stresses the double “e.” Closer to Canada, it’s pronounced like “Ben.”

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Syrup

Maple syrup is a special thing in the Northeastern U.S.; it only stands to reason that it’s pronounced differently there than elsewhere. In the Northeast Corridor, people say “SEAR-up.” Everywhere else, it’s “SIR-rup.”

Bowie Knife

“Bowie” is usually pronounced “BOW-ie,” but in Texas, a Bowie knife is pronounced “BOO-wie.” It’s an important distinction if you’re going hunting in the Lone Star State.

Bagel

Bagels are everywhere, but New Yorkers claim the best ones. Most people say “BAY-gull,” but Midwesterners say “BAH-gull.” Either way, we’ll take ours toasted and topped with cream cheese.

Featured image credit: Estúdio Bloom/ Unsplash
2 MIN READ

Why Is It Called a ‘Club Sandwich’?

While some clubs are exclusive, others can be enjoyed by anyone. This includes the club sandwich — a popular culinary treat whose origins date to the 19th century.

by Bennett Kleinman
Miniature club sandwiches

Club sandwiches are served up in delis, diners, and hotel kitchens around the world. The recipe typically features sliced chicken or turkey, bacon, lettuce, tomato, and mayo, all of which are double-layered between three pieces of toasted white bread. Though it’s hard to pinpoint the sandwich’s creator, its etymological origins can be traced to a late-19th-century private social club in New York City.

The earliest known written mention of a “club sandwich” is printed in the November 18, 1889, edition of The Evening World. A brief snippet asks, “Have you tried a Union Club sandwich yet?” referring to a dish served at a private NYC social club founded in 1836. This early version featured “[t]wo toasted slices of Graham Bread, with a layer of turkey or chicken and ham between them, served warm.” Compared to the modern version, there’s a notable lack of produce, and the sandwich includes ham instead of bacon. But it served as a template for similar sandwiches that caught on at other social clubs, earning it the name we still use today.

Word of this delectable “Union Club sandwich” spread across the country, appearing in the Pittsburgh Dispatch just one day after The Evening World mention: “It differs essentially from any other sandwich made in the town, and is a particular hobby of the club chef and of club men who like a good thing after the theater or just before their final nightcap.” Chefs at other social clubs developed variations of their own, dropping the word “Union” in the process. The Saratoga Club of upstate New York claims to have invented the sandwich in 1894 — five years after the Union Club. While this claim is false, given the timeline, it goes to show the sandwich’s popularity at these exclusive social institutions.

Elements including bacon, lettuce, and mayonnaise were added no later than 1899, appearing in a recipe in the cookbook Salads, Sandwiches and Chafing-Dish Dainties. Tomatoes were also added by the early 20th century, and by that point the sandwich had changed quite a bit since it was introduced. Even still, it maintained the “club” moniker, paying homage to the social institutions where it first became so popular.

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8 MIN READ

50 Ways To Say Something Is ‘Good’

Some things are so enjoyable that it’s hard to put your feelings into words. But for other occasions, here are 50 alternative ways to say something is good.

by Bennett Kleinman
Close-up of a team giving thumbs up symbol

There’s nothing wrong with the word “good.” Many English speakers find it to be … well, good. But if you want to expand your vocabulary, here are 50 synonyms that indicate satisfaction, pleasure, and enjoyment. Some would argue these words are better than “good.”

A1

No, it’s not the steak sauce. “A1” describes something in excellent condition. For instance, a car in pristine condition with the latest technology could be called an “A1 vehicle.”

Adequate

“Adequate,” meaning “made equal to,” is a term from the early 17th century. It refers to something deemed acceptable in the eye of the beholder.

Admirable

“Admirable” comes from late Middle English and is derived from the Latin admirabilis, meaning “to be wondered at.” It suggests something is deserving of respect and approval.

All Right

If something is “all right,” it’s perfectly pleasant or suitable. The word can also be written as “alright” — a spelling that developed widespread use at the end of the 19th century.

Ambrosian

In Greek and Roman myth, “ambrosia” was the food of the gods. To say something is “ambrosian” is quite the compliment. The word dates to the mid-16th century and comes from the Greek ambrotos, meaning “immortal.”

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Amiable

If someone or something is “amiable,” they may carry themselves in a friendly, pleasant manner. This current use, influenced by the modern French aimable (meaning “trying to please”), dates to the mid-18th century.

Brilliant

“Brilliant” doesn’t just mean “smart” — it also means “very good” in British English. The word appeared in the late 17th century and comes from the French brillant, meaning “shining.”

Commendable

If something is “commendable,” it’s worthy of your praise. For instance, someone who keeps their emotions in check shows “commendable restraint.”

Competent

If someone is “competent,” they have the skills and knowledge to get the job done. The word comes from the Latin verb competere, meaning “be fit or proper.”

Cracking

“Cracking” is a synonym for “good” across the pond. British people use this term informally to describe something excellent, such as a “cracking good time” out on the town.

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Estimable

An “estimable” thing is considered good, worthy, and deserving of respect. For instance, an “estimable leader” serves the people well.

Excellent

“Excellent” originated in late Middle English to denote something very good or very bad. In the early 17th century, it developed an exclusively positive connotation.

Exemplary

If something is a desirable model that sets the standard, it’s considered “exemplary,” representing the best of a certain kind. The term appeared in the late 16th century and comes from the Latin exemplum, meaning “sample” or “imitation.”

Exquisite

The Latin prefix exquisit- means “sought after,” which eventually became the late Middle English term “exquisite.” Today, it implies incredible beauty and class.

Fab

“Fab” is a 1960s abbreviation for the word “fabulous,” meaning “wonderful.” “Fabulous” is a late Middle English term derived from the Latin fabulosus, meaning “celebrated in fable.”

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Fine

The word “fine” implies very good quality, as in “fine dining” and “fine china.” It comes from the Latin finire, meaning “to finish.”

Finger-Licking

You can thank Colonel Sanders and KFC for popularizing the term “finger-licking.” It means “tasty” and “delicious” — as in, you’ll be left licking the remnants off your fingers, though the term can also be used figuratively.

First-Rate

The term “first-rate” suggests that something is of excellent quality. You can use it to describe a talented musician, a meal that delights the taste buds, and so on.

Fitting

To say something is “fitting” implies it did a suitable job of meeting expectations. The object in question might not blow you away, but it wasn’t necessarily expected to.

Great

No list would be complete without this common synonym, which is a way to emphasize just how good something is. “Great” comes from the Old English grēat, meaning “big.”

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Hale and Hearty

If something is “hale and hearty,” it’s in good, robust condition. “Hale” comes from the Old English hāl, meaning “whole.”

Hunky-Dory

This term first appeared in the U.S. in the mid-19th century. The first part is from the Dutch honk, meaning “home,” though the origins of “dory” are uncertain. The hyphenated phrase suggests that everything is going well.

Inviting

If you haven’t experienced something firsthand, you may call it “inviting.” This word anticipates something good, luring you in with promise.

Laudable

“Laudable” objects are worthy of praise for their quality. The word originated in late Middle English from the Latin laudabilis, meaning “praise.”

Magnificent

The word “magnificent” comes from the Latin magnificent-, meaning “making great.” It strongly suggests that something is impressive for its quality or beauty.

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Marvelous

“Marvelous” describes anything extremely good or pleasing. If a movie makes you happy, you may review it as “marvelous” — even if it has little to do with Marvel superheroes.

Meritorious

Anything “meritorious” deserves praise. For instance, the heroic actions of a first responder may be considered “meritorious” and worthy of an award.

OK

In the 1840s, the word “OK” developed widespread use as the campaign slogan of President Martin Van Buren. His nickname of “Old Kinderhook” was shortened to “OK” and said as a sign of support: “OK is OK.”

Palatable

The roof of your mouth is called the “palate,” and if something is “palatable,” then it’s acceptable or satisfactory, whether you eat it or not. This word can also be used to describe food that delights your palate.

Peachy

Even those born outside the Peach State of Georgia may say “everything is peachy” when things are going well. It’s similar to the phrase “peachy keen,” which was coined in the 1950s.

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Peerless

If something is “peerless,” it’s considered unrivaled, with no peers to compete with its greatness. For example, Albert Einstein may be considered a “peerless theoretical physicist.”

Piquant

“Piquant” comes from the French for “stinging, biting,” but it has a positive connotation in English. In a restaurant, it refers to a flavor that tingles the taste buds, and it’s also used generally to describe anything that excites the mind.

Premium

“Premium” is an early-17th-century word derived from various Latin terms meaning “booty” or “reward.” Something “premium” is regarded as especially good or valuable.

Prime

A “prime” steak is of the highest quality. This word expresses excellence, from the Latin prima, meaning “first.”

Quality

“Quality” is what we call something that is made well or a job that is done right. The word comes from the Latin qualis, meaning “of such a kind.”

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Rad

“Rad” is a 1980s slang abbreviation of “radical,” meaning “really good,” as in, “That person’s style is really rad.” “Radical” comes from the Latin for “root.”

Satisfactory

“Satisfactory” means “to fulfill all expectations.” This term comes from the Latin word satisfacere, meaning “to content.”

Scrumptious

“Scrumptious” is a mid-19th-century term of unknown origin. Despite its mysterious coinage, it now implies something is attractive or tasty.

Smashing

Across the pond, you may hear “smashing” as informal slang among Brits. It’s used as a synonym for “wonderful.”

Solid

“Solid” suggests something is dependable or reliable. You can also say you “did someone a solid,” meaning you helped them out in a good way. It comes from the Latin solidus, related to salvus, meaning “safe.”

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Splendid

The word “splendid” originated in the early 17th century from the French splendide, meaning “shine.” It’s often used to express that something is quite impressive.

Sterling

“Sterling” refers to former British currency, and as such, it is used to describe any person or thing that’s considered valuable. You may say someone did a “sterling job” if they perform admirably at work.

Superb

The word “superb” dates to the 16th century and comes from the Latin superbus, meaning “proud” or “magnificent.” Today, it implies excellence.

Superlative

The word “superlative” is usually found in high school yearbooks to describe the classmate “most likely to…” do something or another. It refers to something of the highest quality and comes from the Latin superlatus, meaning “carried beyond.”

Swell

Though as slang it’s a bit dated, “swell” has been used as an alternative for “very good” since the late 18th century. The word was, and still is, primarily used in North American English.

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Tip-Top

If something is in “tip-top” condition, it’s of a very high class. A sprinter who outlasts their competitors may be referred to as being in “tip-top shape.”

Toothsome

The word “toothsome” describes a meal that looks tasty, but it’s also used in nonculinary contexts to say someone or something looks good.

Up to Par

“Par” is a golf term for the expected amount of strokes on any given hole. Saying something is “up to par” implies it meets expectations.

Wonderful

“Wonderful” things are generally considered to be pleasurable. The word comes from the late Old English word wunderfull, meaning “full of wonder.”

Worthy

If something is “worthy,” it merits recognition. The word comes from the Dutch waard, essentially meaning “good enough.”

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